Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 68:18 Ascended עָ֘לִ֤יתָ

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Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 68:18
Ascended עָ֘לִ֤יתָ (⁽alita)

“You have ascended on high, You have led captive Your captives;
You have received gifts among men, even among the rebellious also, that the LORD God may dwell there” (Ps. 68:18, NASB).

עָ֘לִ֤יתָ לַמָּר֨וֹם ׀ שָׁ֘בִ֤יתָ שֶּׁ֗בִי לָקַ֣חְתָּ מַ֭תָּנוֹת בָּאָדָ֑ם וְאַ֥ף ס֝וֹרְרִ֗ים לִשְׁכֹּ֤ן ׀ יָ֬הּ אֱלֹהִֽים׃

“But to each one of us grace was given according to the measure of Christ’s gift.
Therefore it says, ‘WHEN HE ASCENDED ON HIGH, HE LED CAPTIVE A HOST OF CAPTIVES, AND HE GAVE GIFTS TO MEN.’
(Now this expression, ‘He ascended,’ what does it mean except that He also had descended into the lower parts of the earth? He who descended is Himself also He who ascended far above all the heavens, so that He might fill all things)” (Eph. 4:7-10).

“Brethren, I may confidently say to you regarding the patriarch David that he both died and was buried, and his tomb is with us to this day. And so, because he was a prophet and knew that GOD HAD SWORN TO HIM WITH AN OATH TO SEAT one OF HIS DESCENDANTS ON HIS THRONE, he looked ahead and spoke of the resurrection of the Christ, that HE WAS NEITHER ABANDONED TO HADES, NOR DID His flesh SUFFER DECAY. This Jesus God raised up again, to which we are all witnesses. Therefore having been exalted to the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, He has poured forth this which you both see and hear. For it was not David who ascended into heaven, but he himself says:
    ‘THE LORD SAID TO MY LORD,
    “SIT AT MY RIGHT HAND,
      UNTIL I MAKE YOUR ENEMIES A FOOTSTOOL FOR YOUR FEET.”’ 
Therefore let all the house of Israel know for certain that God has made Him both Lord and Christ — this Jesus whom you crucified” (Acts 2:29-36).

“Jesus answered and said to him, ‘If anyone loves Me, he will keep My word; and My Father will love him, and We will come to him and make Our abode with him’” (John 14:23).

Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 45:6-7 God אֱ֭לֹהִים King מֶלֶךְ Anointed מָשִׁיחַ

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Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 45:6-7

God אֱ֭לֹהִים (⁾elohim) King (מֶלֶךְ) (melekh)

Anointed (מָשִׁיחַ) (mashiach)

“Your throne, O God, is forever and ever; 

A scepter of uprightness is the scepter of Your kingdom. 

You have loved righteousness and hated wickedness; 

Therefore God, Your God, has anointed You 

With the oil of joy above Your fellows” 

(Psalm 45:6-7).

כִּסְאֲךָ֣ אֱ֭לֹהִים עוֹלָ֣ם וָעֶ֑ד שֵׁ֥בֶט מִ֝ישֹׁ֗ר שֵׁ֣בֶט מַלְכוּתֶֽךָ׃  אָהַ֣בְתָּ צֶּדֶק֮ וַתִּשְׂנָ֫א רֶ֥שַׁע עַל־כֵּ֤ן ׀ מְשָׁחֲךָ֡ אֱלֹהִ֣ים אֱ֭לֹהֶיךָ שֶׁ֥מֶן שָׂשׂ֗וֹן מֵֽחֲבֵרֶֽיךָ׃

“For to which of the angels did He ever say, ‘YOU ARE MY SON, TODAY I HAVE BEGOTTEN YOU’? And again, ‘I WILL BE A FATHER TO HIM AND HE SHALL BE A SON TO ME’? And when He again brings the firstborn into the world, He says, ‘AND LET ALL THE ANGELS OF GOD WORSHIP HIM.’And of the angels He says, ‘WHO MAKES HIS ANGELS WINDS, AND HIS MINISTERS A FLAME OF FIRE.’ 

But of the Son He says, ‘YOUR THRONE, O GOD, IS FOREVER AND EVER, AND THE RIGHTEOUS SCEPTER IS THE SCEPTER OF HIS KINGDOM. YOU HAVE LOVED RIGHTEOUSNESS AND HATED LAWLESSNESS; THEREFORE GOD, YOUR GOD, HAS ANOINTED YOU WITH THE OIL OF GLADNESS ABOVE YOUR COMPANIONS.’

And, ‘YOU, LORD, IN THE BEGINNING LAID THE FOUNDATION OF THE EARTH, AND THE HEAVENS ARE THE WORKS OF YOUR HANDS; THEY WILL PERISH, BUT YOU REMAIN; AND THEY ALL WILL BECOME OLD LIKE A GARMENT, AND LIKE A MANTLE YOU WILL ROLL THEM UP; LIKE A GARMENT THEY WILL ALSO BE CHANGED. BUT YOU ARE THE SAME, AND YOUR YEARS WILL NOT COME TO AN END.’ 

But to which of the angels has He ever said, ‘SIT AT MY RIGHT HAND, UNTIL I MAKE YOUR ENEMIES A FOOTSTOOL FOR YOUR FEET’?” (Heb. 1:5-13).

Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 40:6-8 “In the Scroll of the Book It is Written of Me” בִּמְגִלַּת־סֵ֝֗פֶר כָּת֥וּב עָלָֽי

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Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 40:6-8

“In the Scroll of the Book It is Written of Me”

בִּמְגִלַּת־סֵ֝֗פֶר כָּת֥וּב עָלָֽי  (bi-megillat sefer katuv ⁽alay)

“Sacrifice and meal offering You have not desired; 

My ears You have opened; Burnt offering and sin offering You have not required. Then I said, ‘Behold, I come; In the scroll of the book it is  written of me. I delight to do Your will, O my God; Your Law is within my heart’” 

(Ps. 40:6-8, NASB).

‏זֶ֤בַח וּמִנְחָ֨ה ׀ לֹֽא־חָפַ֗צְתָּ אָ֭זְנַיִם כָּרִ֣יתָ לִּ֑י עוֹלָ֥ה וַ֝חֲטָאָ֗ה לֹ֣א שָׁאָֽלְתָּ׃ אָ֣ז אָ֭מַרְתִּי הִנֵּה־בָ֑אתִי בִּמְגִלַּת־סֵ֝֗פֶר כָּת֥וּב עָלָֽי׃ לַֽעֲשֽׂוֹת־רְצוֹנְךָ֣ אֱלֹהַ֣י חָפָ֑צְתִּי וְ֝ת֥וֹרָתְךָ֗ בְּת֣וֹךְ מֵעָֽי׃

“For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins. Therefore, when He comes into the world, He says, ‘SACRIFICE AND OFFERING YOU HAVE NOT DESIRED, BUT A BODY YOU HAVE PREPARED FOR ME; IN WHOLE BURNT OFFERINGS AND sacrifices FOR SIN YOU HAVE TAKEN NO PLEASURE.’ THEN I SAID, ‘BEHOLD, I HAVE COME (IN THE SCROLL OF THE BOOK IT IS WRITTEN OF ME) TO DO YOUR WILL, O GOD.’ After saying above, ‘SACRIFICES AND OFFERINGS AND WHOLE BURNT OFFERINGS AND sacrifices FOR SIN YOU HAVE NOT DESIRED, NOR HAVE YOU TAKEN PLEASURE in them’ (which are offered according to the Law), then He said, ‘BEHOLD, I HAVE COME TO DO YOUR WILL.’ He takes away the first in order to establish the second. By this will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all” (Heb. 10:4-10).

“Now He said to them, ‘These are My words which I spoke to you while I was still with you, that all things which are written about Me in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms must be fulfilled.’ Then He opened their minds to understand the Scriptures, and He said to them, ‘Thus it is written, that the Christ would suffer and rise again from the dead the third day, and that repentance for forgiveness of sins would be proclaimed in His name to all the nations, beginning from Jerusalem’” (Luke 24:44-47).

“Jesus said to them, ‘My food is to do the will of Him who sent Me and to accomplish His work’” (John 4:34).

Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 16:8-11 לֹא־תַעֲזֹ֣ב Not Abandoned (Resurrected)

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Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 16:8-11

 Not Abandoned לֹא־תַעֲזֹ֣ב (lō⁾ ta⁽azōv)
(Resurrected)

“I have  set the LORD continually before me; Because He is  at my right hand,  I will not be shaken. Therefore  my heart is glad and  my glory rejoices; My flesh also will  dwell securely. For You will not abandon my soul to  Sheol; Nor will You   allow Your  Holy One to  undergo decay. You will make known to me  the path of life; In  Your presence is fullness of joy; In Your right hand there are  pleasures forever" 

(Ps. 16:8-11, NASB).

‏

‏

‏שִׁוִּ֬יתִי יְהוָ֣ה לְנֶגְדִּ֣י תָמִ֑יד כִּ֥י מִֽ֝ימִינִ֗י בַּל־אֶמּֽוֹט׃ ‏ לָכֵ֤ן ׀ שָׂמַ֣ח לִ֭בִּי וַיָּ֣גֶל כְּבוֹדִ֑י אַף־בְּ֝שָׂרִ֗י יִשְׁכֹּ֥ן לָבֶֽטַח׃

כִּ֤י ׀

לֹא־תַעֲזֹ֣ב נַפְשִׁ֣י לִשְׁא֑וֹל לֹֽא־תִתֵּ֥ן חֲ֝סִידְךָ֗ לִרְא֥וֹת שָֽׁחַת׃ תּֽוֹדִיעֵנִי֮ אֹ֤רַח חַ֫יִּ֥ים שֹׂ֣בַע שְׂ֭מָחוֹת אֶת־פָּנֶ֑יךָ נְעִמ֖וֹת בִּימִינְךָ֣ נֶֽצַח׃

“this Man, delivered over by the predetermined plan and foreknowledge of God, you nailed to a cross by the hands of godless men and put Him to death.  But God raised Him up again, putting an end to the agony of death, since it was impossible for Him to be held in its power.
For David says of Him, ‘I SAW THE LORD ALWAYS IN MY PRESENCE; FOR HE IS AT MY RIGHT HAND, SO THAT I WILL NOT BE SHAKEN. ‘THEREFORE MY HEART WAS GLAD AND MY TONGUE EXULTED; MOREOVER MY FLESH ALSO WILL LIVE IN HOPE; BECAUSE YOU WILL NOT ABANDON MY SOUL TO HADES, NOR ALLOW YOUR HOLY ONE TO UNDERGO DECAY. ‘YOU HAVE MADE KNOWN TO ME THE WAYS OF LIFE; YOU WILL MAKE ME FULL OF GLADNESS WITH YOUR PRESENCE’”
(Acts 2:23-28).

“As for the fact that He raised Him up from the dead, no longer to return to decay, He has spoken in this way: ‘I WILL GIVE YOU THE HOLY and SURE blessings OF DAVID.’  Therefore He also says in another Psalm, ‘YOU WILL NOT ALLOW YOUR HOLY ONE TO UNDERGO DECAY.’ For David, after he had served the purpose of God in his own generation, fell asleep, and was laid among his fathers and underwent decay; but He whom God raised did not undergo decay”
(Acts 13:34-37).

“For the gate is small and the way is narrow that leads to life, and there are few who find it”
(Matt. 7:14).

Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 22:15-18 Surrounded סְבָב֗וּ Encompassed הִקִּיפ֑וּ

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Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 22:15-18

Surrounded/Encompassed

 סְבָב֗וּ (sevavū)/הִקִּיפ֑וּ (hiqqifū)

“My  strength is dried up like a potsherd, And my tongue cleaves to my jaws; And You  lay me  in the dust of death. For  dogs have surrounded me; A band of evildoers has encompassed me; They  pierced my hands and my feet. I can count all my bones. They look, they stare at me; They divide my garments among them, And for my clothing they cast lots.” 

(Ps. 22:15-18)

‏ יָ֘בֵ֤שׁ כַּחֶ֨רֶשׂ ׀ כֹּחִ֗י וּ֭לְשׁוֹנִי מֻדְבָּ֣ק מַלְקוֹחָ֑י וְֽלַעֲפַר־מָ֥וֶת תִּשְׁפְּתֵֽנִי׃‏ כִּ֥י סְבָב֗וּנִי כְּלָ֫בִ֥ים עֲדַ֣ת מְ֭רֵעִים הִקִּיפ֑וּנִי כָּ֝אֲרִ֗י יָדַ֥י וְרַגְלָֽי׃‎‏ אֲסַפֵּ֥ר כָּל־עַצְמוֹתָ֑י הֵ֥מָּה יַ֝בִּ֗יטוּ יִרְאוּ־בִֽי׃‏ יְחַלְּק֣וּ בְגָדַ֣י לָהֶ֑ם וְעַל־לְ֝בוּשִׁ֗י יַפִּ֥ילוּ גוֹרָֽל׃

“And when they had crucified Him, they divided up His garments among themselves by casting lots.” 

(Matt 27:35)

(Matt. 27:35 (MHNT אַחֲרֵי שֶׁצָּלְבוּ אוֹתוֹ חִלְּקוּ אֶת בְּגָדָיו בְּהַפִּילָם גּוֹרָל, 

“And they  crucified Him, and  divided up His garments among themselves, casting lots for them to decide what each man should take.” 

(Mark 15:24)

Mark 15:24 אָז צָלְבוּ אוֹתוֹ וְחִלְּקוּ אֶת בְּגָדָיו בְּהַפִּילָם עֲלֵיהֶם גּוֹרָל, לִקְבֹּעַ מַה יִּקַּח כָּל אֶחָד. 

“And following Him was a large crowd of the people, and of women who were mourning and lamenting Him.” 

(Luke 23:27)

Luke 23:27 אַחֲרָיו הָלְכוּ הָמוֹן רַב מִן הָעָם, וְגַם נָשִׁים שֶׁסָּפְדוּ וְקוֹנְנוּ עָלָיו. 

“But Jesus was saying, ‘Father, forgive them; for they do not know what they are doing.’ And they cast lots, dividing up His garments among themselves. And the people stood by, looking on. And even the rulers were sneering at Him, saying, ‘He saved others; let Him save Himself if this is the Christ of God, His Chosen One.’” 

(Luke 23:34-35)

Luke 23:34 אָמַר יֵשׁוּעַ: ”אָבִי, סְלַח לָהֶם, כִּי אֵינָם יוֹדְעִים מַה שֶּׁהֵם עוֹשִׂים.“ וְהֵם חִלְּקוּ אֶת בְּגָדָיו לְאַחַר שֶׁהִפִּילוּ גּוֹרָלוֹת. 

35 אוֹתָה שָׁעָה עָמַד הָעָם וְהִתְבּוֹנֵן, וְהַמַּנְהִיגִים גַּם הֵם לָעֲגוּ לוֹ בְּאָמְרָם: ”אֲחֵרִים הוּא הוֹשִׁיעַ; שֶׁיּוֹשִׁיעַ אֶת עַצְמוֹ אִם הוּא הַמָּשִׁיחַ בְּחִיר הָאֱלֹהִים!“ 

“Then the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took His outer garments and made four parts, a part to every soldier and also the tunic; now the tunic was seamless, woven in one piece. So they said to one another, ‘Let us not tear it, but cast lots for it, to decide whose it shall be’; this was to fulfill the Scripture: ‘THEY DIVIDED MY OUTER GARMENTS AMONG THEM, AND FOR MY CLOTHING THEY CAST LOTS.’ Therefore the soldiers did these things.” 

(John 19:23-25)

John 19:23‏ הַחַיָּלִים שֶׁצָּלְבוּ אֶת יֵשׁוּעַ לָקְחוּ אֶת בְּגָדָיו וְחִלְּקוּם לְאַרְבָּעָה חֲלָקִים, חֵלֶק אֶחָד לְכָל חַיָּל. הֵם לָקְחוּ גַּם אֶת הַכֻּתֹּנֶת, אֶלָּא שֶׁהִיא הָיְתָה לְלֹא תֶּפֶר, אֲרִיגָה רְצוּפָה מִלְמַעְלָה לְמַטָּה.  ‎24‏ אָמְרוּ זֶה אֶל זֶה: ”אַל נָא נִקְרַע אוֹתָהּ, אֶלָּא נַפִּיל עָלֶיהָ גּוֹרָל לְמִי תִּהְיֶה.“ זֶה הָיָה כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּתְקַיֵּם הַכָּתוּב: ”יְחַלְּקוּ בְּגָדַי לָהֶם וְעַל — לְבוּשִׁי יַפִּילוּ גּוֹרָל“, וְאָמְנָם כָּךְ עָשׂוּ הַחַיָּלִים. 

‎John 19:25‏ עַל־יַד צְלַב יֵשׁוּעַ עָמְדוּ אִמּוֹ וַאֲחוֹת אִמּוֹ, מִרְיָם אֵשֶׁת קְלוֹפָה וּמִרְיָם הַמַּגְדָּלִית. 

“After this, Jesus, knowing that all things had already been accomplished, to fulfill the Scripture,  said, “I am thirsty.” 

(John 19:28)

John 19:28 יֵשׁוּעַ יָדַע כִּי עַתָּה כְּבָר נִשְׁלַם הַכֹּל, וּכְדֵי שֶׁיִּתְקַיֵּם הַכָּתוּב אָמַר: ”אֲנִי צָמֵא.“

“So the other disciples were saying to him, ‘We have seen the Lord!’ But he said to them, ‘Unless I see in His hands the imprint of the nails, and put my finger into the place of the nails, and put my hand into His side, I will not believe.’” 

(John 20:25)

John 20:25 אָמְרוּ לוֹ יֶתֶר הַתַּלְמִידִים: ”רָאִינוּ אֶת הָאָדוֹן.“ 

הֵשִׁיב לָהֶם: ”אִם לֹא אֶרְאֶה אֶת סִימַן הַמַּסְמְרִים בְּיָדָיו וְלֹא אָשִׂים אֶת אֶצְבָּעִי בַּמָּקוֹם שֶׁהָיוּ הַמַּסְמְרִים וְלֹא אָשִׂים אֶת יָדִי בְּצִדּוֹ, לֹא אַאֲמִין.“ 

Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 22:7-8 Sneered (יַלְעִ֣גוּ)

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Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 22:7-8

Sneered (יַלְעִ֣גוּ) (yal⁽igū)

“All who see me sneer at me; 

They separate with the lip, they wag the head, saying,

‘Commit yourself to the LORD;  

let Him deliver him; 

Let Him rescue him, 

because He delights in him.’” 

(Ps. 22:7-8)

כָּל־רֹ֭אַי יַלְעִ֣גוּ לִ֑י יַפְטִ֥ירוּ בְ֝שָׂפָ֗ה יָנִ֥יעוּ רֹֽאשׁ׃ גֹּ֣ל אֶל־יְהוָ֣ה יְפַלְּטֵ֑הוּ יַ֝צִּילֵ֗הוּ כִּ֘י חָ֥פֵֽץ בּֽוֹ׃

“He was despised and forsaken of men, 

A man of sorrows and acquainted with grief; 

And like one from whom men hide their face 

He was despised, and we did not esteem Him. ”

 (Is. 53:3)

(Is. 53:3 (BHS נִבְזֶה֙ וַחֲדַ֣ל אִישִׁ֔ים אִ֥ישׁ מַכְאֹב֖וֹת וִיד֣וּעַ חֹ֑לִי וּכְמַסְתֵּ֤ר פָּנִים֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ נִבְזֶ֖ה וְלֹ֥א חֲשַׁבְנֻֽהוּ׃

“And the people stood by, looking on. And even the rulers were sneering at Him, saying, ‘He saved others; let Him save Himself if this is the Christ of God, His Chosen One.’” 

(Luke 23:35)

(Luke 23:35 (MHNT  אוֹתָה שָׁעָה עָמַד הָעָם וְהִתְבּוֹנֵן, וְהַמַּנְהִיגִים גַּם הֵם לָעֲגוּ לוֹ בְּאָמְרָם: ”אֲחֵרִים הוּא הוֹשִׁיעַ; שֶׁיּוֹשִׁיעַ אֶת עַצְמוֹ אִם הוּא הַמָּשִׁיחַ בְּחִיר הָאֱלֹהִים!“ 

“At that time two robbers  were crucified with Him, one on the right and one on the left. And those passing by were hurling abuse at Him, wagging their heads and saying, ‘You who are going to destroy the temple and rebuild it in three days, save Yourself! If You are the Son of God, come down from the cross.’ In the same way the chief priests also, along with the scribes and elders, were mocking Him and saying, ‘He saved others; He cannot save Himself. He is the King of Israel; let Him now come down from the cross, and we will believe in Him. HE TRUSTS IN GOD; LET GOD RESCUE Him now, IF HE DELIGHTS IN HIM; for He said, “I am the Son of God.’” The robbers who had been crucified with Him were also insulting Him with the same words.” 

(Matt. 27:38-44)

Matt. 27:38‏ אוֹתָהּ שָׁעָה נִצְלְבוּ אִתּוֹ שְׁנֵי שׁוֹדְדִים, אֶחָד מִימִינוֹ וְאֶחָד מִשְׂמֹאלוֹ.  ‎39‏ וְהָעוֹבְרִים שָׁם גִּדְפוּ אוֹתוֹ, הֵנִיעוּ רֹאשָׁם ‎40‏ וְאָמְרוּ: ”הַהוֹרֵס אֶת בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ וּבוֹנֶה אוֹתוֹ בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁה יָמִים! הוֹשַׁע אֶת עַצְמְךָ, אִם בֶּן־הָאֱלֹהִים אַתָּה, וְרֵד מִן הַצְּלָב!“  ‎41‏ כָּךְ גַּם הִתְלוֹצְצוּ רָאשֵׁי הַכֹּהֲנִים עִם הַסּוֹפְרִים וְהַזְּקֵנִים בְּאָמְרָם:  ‎42‏ ”אֲחֵרִים הוֹשִׁיעַ; אֶת עַצְמוֹ אֵינֶנּוּ יָכוֹל לְהוֹשִׁיעַ?! מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל הוּא! שֶׁיֵּרֵד עַכְשָׁו מִן הַצְּלָב וְנַאֲמִין בּוֹ!  ‎43‏ בָּטַח בֵּאלֹהִים, עַתָּה יְפַלְּטֵהוּ אִם חָפֵץ בּוֹ, כִּי אָמַר ’בֶּן אֱלֹהִים אֲנִי‘.“  ‎44‏ כָּךְ חֵרְפוּהוּ גַּם הַשּׁוֹדְדִים שֶׁנִּצְלְבוּ אִתּוֹ. 

Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 22:1 Forsaken עֲזַבְתָּ

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Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 22:1

Forsaken עֲזַבְתָּ (⁽azavta)

“My God, my God, 

why have You forsaken me?

Far from my deliverance 

are the words of my groaning.” 

(Ps. 22:1)

אֵלִ֣י אֵ֭לִי לָמָ֣ה עֲזַבְתָּ֑נִי רָח֥וֹק מִֽ֝ישׁוּעָתִ֗י דִּבְרֵ֥י שַׁאֲגָתִֽי׃ 

“About the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, saying, ‘ELI, ELI, LAMA SABACHTHANI?’ that is, ‘MY GOD, MY GOD, WHY HAVE YOU FORSAKEN ME?’ 

(Matt. 27:46)

(Matt. 27:46 (MHNT וּבְעֶרֶךְ בְּשָׁעָה שָׁלוֹשׁ צָעַק יֵשׁוּעַ בְּקוֹל גָּדוֹל: ”אֵלִי, אֵלִי, לְמָה שְׁבַקְתָּנִי?“ כְּלוֹמַר, ”אֵלִי, אֵלִי, לָמָה עֲזַבְתָּנִי?“ 

“At the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, ‘ELOI, ELOI, LAMA SABACHTHANI?’ which is translated, ‘MY GOD, MY GOD, WHY HAVE YOU FORSAKEN ME?’” 

(Mark 15:34)

Mark 15:34 וּבְשָׁעָה שָׁלוֹשׁ צָעַק יֵשׁוּעַ בְּקוֹל גָּדוֹל: ”אֱלָהִי, אֱלָהִי, לְמָה שְׁבַקְתָּנִי?“ שֶׁתַּרְגּוּמוֹ ”אֵלִי, אֵלִי, לָמָה עֲזַבְתָּנִי?“ 

“As to this salvation, the prophets who prophesied of the grace that would come to you made careful searches and inquiries, seeking to know what person or time the Spirit of Christ within them was indicating as He predicted the sufferings of Christ and the glories to follow.”

(1 Pet. 1:10-11)

1Pet. 1:10 אֶת הַיְשׁוּעָה הַזֹּאת חָקְרוּ וְדָרְשׁוּ הַנְּבִיאִים שֶׁנִּבְּאוּ עַל הַחֶסֶד הַמְיֻעָד לָכֶם.  11 הֵם חָקְרוּ מָה הָעֵת וְהַנְּסִבּוֹת שֶׁהוֹדִיעָה רוּחַ הַמָּשִׁיחַ אֲשֶׁר בְּקִרְבָּם, כְּשֶׁהֵעִידָה מֵרֹאשׁ עַל סִבְלוֹת הַמָּשִׁיחַ וְעַל הַכָּבוֹד וְהַתִּפְאֶרֶת שֶׁיָּבוֹאוּ אַחֲרֵיהֶן. 

Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 69:28-29 Afflicted (עָנִ֣י)

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Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 69:28-29

Afflicted 

(ענִי)(⁽ani)

“May they be  blotted out of the  book of life 

And may they not be recorded with the righteous. 

But I am afflicted and in pain; 

May Your salvation, O God, 

set me securely on high.”  

(Ps. 69:28-29)

 יִ֭מָּחֽוּ מִסֵּ֣פֶר חַיִּ֑ים וְעִ֥ם צַ֝דִּיקִ֗ים אַל־יִכָּתֵֽבוּ׃  וַ֭אֲנִי עָנִ֣י וְכוֹאֵ֑ב יְשׁוּעָתְךָ֖ אֱלֹהִ֣ים תְּשַׂגְּבֵֽנִי׃

“He who overcomes will thus be clothed in white garments; and I will not erase his name from the book of life, and I will confess his name before My Father and before His angels.” 

(Rev. 3:5)

(Rev. 3:5 (MHNT הַמְנַצֵּחַ יִלְבַּשׁ בְּגָדִים לְבָנִים וְלֹא אֶמְחֶה אֶת שְׁמוֹ מִסֵּפֶר הַחַיִּים, וְאוֹדֶה אֶת שְׁמוֹ לִפְנֵי אָבִי וְלִפְנֵי מַלְאָכָיו. 

“Indeed, true companion, I ask you also to help these women who have shared my struggle in the cause of the gospel, together with Clement also and the rest of my fellow workers, whose names are in the book of life.” 

(Phil. 4:3)

Phil. 4:3 וְאַתָּה, חֲבֵרִי הָאֲמִתִּי, הַנּוֹשֵׂא עִמִּי בָּעֹל, גַּם מִמְּךָ אֲנִי מְבַקֵּשׁ: עֲזֹר נָא לָהֶן; הֵן הִשְׁתַּתְּפוּ עִמִּי בְּמַאֲבַק הַבְּשׂוֹרָה, יַחַד עִם קְלֵמֶנְטוֹס וְעִם יֶתֶר שֻׁתָּפַי לָעֲבוֹדָה אֲשֶׁר שְׁמוֹתֵיהֶם בְּסֵפֶר הַחַיִּים. 

“All who dwell on the earth will worship him, everyone whose name has not been written from the foundation of the world in the book of life of the Lamb who has been slain.” 

(Rev. 13:8)

Rev. 13:8 וְיִשְׁתַּחֲווּ לָהּ כָּל יוֹשְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר לֹא נִכְתְּבוּ שְׁמוֹתֵיהֶם בְּסֵפֶר הַחַיִּים שֶׁל הַשֶׂה הַטָּבוּחַ מֵהִוָּסֵד תֵּבֵל. 

“The beast that you saw was, and is not, and is about to come up out of the abyss and go to destruction. And those who dwell on the earth, whose name has not been written in the book of life from the foundation of the world, will wonder when they see the beast, that he was and is not and will come.” 

(Rev. 17:8)

Rev. 17:8 הַחַיָּה אֲשֶׁר רָאִיתָ — הָיְתָה וְאֵינֶנָּה, וְהִיא עֲתִידָה לַעֲלוֹת מִן הַתְּהוֹם וְלָלֶכֶת לָאֲבַדּוֹן. וְיוֹשְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר שְׁמָם לֹא נִכְתַּב בְּסֵפֶר הַחַיִּים מֵעֵת הִוָּסֵד תֵּבֵל יִשְׁתּוֹמְמוּ כִּרְאוֹתָם אֶת הַחַיָּה שֶׁהָיְתָה וְאֵינֶנָּה וַעֲתִידָה לָבוֹא. 

“And if anyone’s name was not found written in the book of life, he was thrown into the lake of fire.” 

(Rev. 20:15)

Rev. 20:15 וּמִי שֶׁלֹּא נִמְצָא כָּתוּב בְּסֵפֶר הַחַיִּים, הֻשְׁלַךְ אֶל אֲגַם הָאֵשׁ. 

“Nevertheless do not rejoice in this, that the spirits are subject to you, but rejoice that your names are recorded in heaven.” 

(Luke 10:20)

Luke 10:20 וּבְכָל זֹאת אַל תִּשְׂמְחוּ עַל שֶׁהָרוּחוֹת נִכְנָעוֹת לָכֶם; שִׂמְחוּ עַל כָּךְ שֶׁשְּׁמוֹתֵיכֶם נִכְתְּבוּ בַּשָּׁמַיִם.“ 

“to the general assembly and church of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God, the Judge of all, and to the spirits of the righteous made perfect” 

(Heb. 12:23)

Heb. 12:23 אֶל קְהִלַּת הַבְּכוֹרִים הַכְּתוּבִים בַּשָּׁמַיִם, אֶל אֱלֹהִים שׁוֹפֵט הַכֹּל, אֶל רוּחוֹת הַצַּדִּיקִים שֶׁנַּעֲשׂוּ מֻשְׁלָמִים, 

Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 69:20-22 Broken Heart/Sick/No Sympathy/No Comforters/Thirsty

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Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 69:20-22

Broken Heart/Sick/No Sympathy/No Comforters/Thirsty

צְמָא/מְנַחֲמִ֗ים וְלֹ֣א מָצָֽאתִי/אֲקַוֶּ֣ה לָנ֣וּד וָאַ֑יִן/אָ֫נ֥וּשָׁה/שָֽׁבְרָ֥ה לִב

(shaverah liv/ ⁾anush/ ⁾aqawweh lanūd wa⁾ayin/menachamim welō⁾ matza⁾ti/tzema⁾)

“Reproach has broken my heart and I am so sick. And  I looked for sympathy, but there was none, And for comforters, but I found none. They also gave me gall for my food And for my thirst they gave me vinegar to drink. May their table before them become a snare; And when they are in peace, may it become a trap.” 

(Ps. 69:20-22) 

‏חֶרְפָּ֤ה ׀ שָֽׁבְרָ֥ה לִבִּ֗י וָֽאָ֫נ֥וּשָׁה וָאֲקַוֶּ֣ה לָנ֣וּד וָאַ֑יִן וְ֝לַמְנַחֲמִ֗ים וְלֹ֣א מָצָֽאתִי׃ וַיִּתְּנ֣וּ בְּבָרוּתִ֣י רֹ֑אשׁ וְ֝לִצְמָאִ֗י יַשְׁק֥וּנִי חֹֽמֶץ׃ ‏ יְהִֽי־שֻׁלְחָנָ֣ם לִפְנֵיהֶ֣ם לְפָ֑ח וְלִשְׁלוֹמִ֥ים לְמוֹקֵֽשׁ׃

“And He took with Him Peter and the two sons of Zebedee, and began to be grieved and distressed.” 

(Matt. 26:37)

Matt. 26:37 הוּא לָקַח אִתּוֹ אֶת כֵּיפָא וְאֶת שְׁנֵי בְּנֵי זַבְדַּי וְהֵחֵל מִתְמַלֵּא עֶצֶב וּמוּעָקָה. 

“they gave Him wine to drink mixed with gall; and after tasting it, He was unwilling to drink.” 

(Matt. 27:34)

Matt. 27:34 וְנָתְנוּ לוֹ לִשְׁתּוֹת יַיִן מָהוּל בִּמְרוֹרַת צֶמַח הָרֹאשׁ. הוּא טָעַם, אַךְ לֹא רָצָה לִשְׁתּוֹת. 

“Immediately one of them ran, and taking a sponge, he filled it with sour wine and put it on a reed, and gave Him a drink.” 

(Matt. 27:48)

Matt. 27:48 מִיָּד רָץ אֶחָד מֵהֶם, לָקַח סְפוֹג וּמִלֵּא אוֹתוֹ חֹמֶץ, הִצְמִיד אוֹתוֹ אֶל קָנֶה וְהִגִּישׁ לוֹ לִשְׁתּוֹת. 

“They tried to give Him wine mixed with myrrh; but He did not take it.” 

(Mark 15:23)

Mark 15:23 נָתְנוּ לְיֵשׁוּעַ יַיִן מָהוּל בְּמֹר וְלֹא לָקַח אוֹתוֹ. 

“Someone ran and filled a sponge with sour wine, put it on a reed, and gave Him a drink, saying, ‘Let us see whether Elijah will come to take Him down.’” 

(Mark 15:36)

Mark 15:36 מִישֶׁהוּ רָץ וּמִלֵּא סְפוֹג בְּחֹמֶץ, הִצְמִיד אוֹתוֹ אֶל קָנֶה וְהִגִּישׁ לוֹ לִשְׁתּוֹת בְּאָמְרוֹ: ”הָבָה נִרְאֶה אִם יָבוֹא אֵלִיָּהוּ לְהוֹרִיד אוֹתוֹ.“ 

“The soldiers also mocked Him, coming up to Him, offering Him sour wine”

(Luke 23:36).

Luke 23:36 גַם אַנְשֵׁי הַצָּבָא הֵתֵלּוּ בּוֹ. הֵם הִתְקָרְבוּ וְהִגִּישׁוּ לוֹ חֹמֶץ, 

“After this, Jesus, knowing that all things had already been accomplished, to fulfill the Scripture, said, ‘I am thirsty.’ A jar full of sour wine was standing there; so they put a sponge full of the sour wine upon a branch of hyssop and brought it up to His mouth. Therefore when Jesus had received the sour wine, He said, ‘It is finished!’ And He bowed His head and gave up His spirit.” 

(John 19:28-30) 

John 19:28‏ יֵשׁוּעַ יָדַע כִּי עַתָּה כְּבָר נִשְׁלַם הַכֹּל, וּכְדֵי שֶׁיִּתְקַיֵּם הַכָּתוּב אָמַר: ”אֲנִי צָמֵא.“ 

‎29‏ כְּלִי מָלֵא חֹמֶץ הָיָה מֻנָּח שָׁם. שָׂמוּ סְפוֹג רָווּי חֹמֶץ עַל אֵזוֹב, וְהִגִּישׁוּ אוֹתוֹ אֶל פִּיו.  ‎30‏ אַחֲרֵי שֶׁקִּבֵּל אֶת הַחֹמֶץ אָמַר יֵשׁוּעַ: ”נִשְׁלַם“, וּבְהַרְכִּינוֹ רֹאשׁוֹ מָסַר אֶת רוּחוֹ. 

“And David says, 

‘LET THEIR TABLE BECOME A SNARE AND A TRAP, AND A STUMBLING BLOCK AND A RETRIBUTION TO THEM. LET THEIR EYES BE DARKENED TO SEE NOT, AND BEND THEIR BACKS FOREVER.’ 

I say then, they did not stumble so as to fall, did they? May it never be! But by their transgression salvation has come to the Gentiles, to make them jealous. Now if their transgression is riches for the world and their failure is riches for the Gentiles, how much more will their fulfillment be! But I am speaking to you who are Gentiles. Inasmuch then as I am an apostle of Gentiles, I magnify my ministry, if somehow I might move to jealousy my fellow countrymen and save some of them. For if their rejection is the reconciliation of the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead? If the first piece of dough is holy, the lump is also; and if the root is holy, the branches are too.”

(Rom. 11:9-15)

Rom. 11:9‏ וְדָּוִד אוֹמֵר: ”יְהִי־שֻׁלְחָנָם לִפְנֵיהֶם לְפָח וּלְרֶשֶׁת וְלִשְׁלוֹמִים לְמוֹקֵשׁ.  ‎10‏ תֶּחְשַׁכְנָה עֵינֵיהֶם מֵרְאוֹת, וּמָתְנֵיהֶם תָּמִיד הַמְעַד.“ 

‎Rom. 11:11‏ עַל כֵּן שׁוֹאֵל אֲנִי, הַאִם מָעֲדוּ כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּפְּלוּ לְלֹא קוּם? חַס וְחָלִילָה! אֶלָּא שֶׁבִּמְעִידָתָם הַיְשׁוּעָה לַגּוֹיִם, לְהַקְנִיא אוֹתָם.  ‎12‏ וְאִם מְעִידָתָם הִיא עֹשֶׁר לָעוֹלָם וְהֶפְסֵדָם הוּא עֹשֶׁר לַגּוֹיִם, שְׁלֵמוּתָם — עַל אַחַת כַּמָּה וְכַמָּה! 

‎Rom. 11:13‏ אֲלֵיכֶם הַגּוֹיִם אֲנִי מְדַבֵּר; בִּהְיוֹתִי אֲנִי שָׁלִיחַ לַגּוֹיִם מְכַבֵּד אֲנִי אֶת שֵׁרוּתִי,  ‎14‏ בְּתִקְוָה לְעוֹרֵר קִנְאָה בִּבְנֵי עַמִּי וּלְהוֹשִׁיעַ כַּמָּה מֵהֶם.  ‎15‏ הֲרֵי אִם הַדָּחָתָם הִיא רִצּוּי בִּשְׁבִיל הָעוֹלָם, מַה תִּהְיֶה הֲשָׁבָתָם אִם לֹא תְּקוּמָה מִמָּוֶת אֱלֵי חַיִּים? 

“Now as to the times and the epochs, brethren, you have no need of anything to be written to you.  For you yourselves know full well that the day of the Lord will come just like a thief in the night.  While they are saying, ‘Peace and safety!” then destruction will come upon them suddenly like labor pains upon a woman with child, and they will not escape.”

(1 Thess. 5:1-3)

1Th. 5:1‏ וְעַל־דְּבַר הָעִתִּים וְהַזְּמַנִּים, אַחַי, אֵין צֹרֶךְ לִכְתֹּב לָכֶם.  ‎2‏ הֲרֵי אַתֶּם יוֹדְעִים הֵיטֵב שֶׁיּוֹם יהוה יָבוֹא כְּגַנָּב בַּלַּיְלָה.  ‎3‏ כַּאֲשֶׁר יֹאמְרוּ הַבְּרִיּוֹת: ”שָׁלוֹם וּבִטָּחוֹן!“, אָז יָבוֹא עֲלֵיהֶם שֶׁבֶר פִּתְאוֹם, כְּצִירֵי לֵדָה עַל אִשָּׁה הָרָה, וְלֹא יוּכְלוּ לְהִמָּלֵט. 

Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 69:8-9 Estranged מוּזָר Zealous קִנְאַ֣ת Reproached חוֹרְפֶ֗י

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Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 69:8-9

Estranged מוּזָר (mūzar)

Zealous קִנְאַ֣ת (qin⁾at)

Reproached חוֹרְפֶ֗י (chōrefe)

“I have become estranged from my brothers 

And an alien to my mother’s sons. 

  For zeal for Your house has consumed me, 

And the reproaches of those who reproach You have fallen on me.” 

(Ps. 69:8-9)

מוּזָר הָיִ֣יתִי לְאֶחָ֑י וְ֝נָכְרִ֗י לִבְנֵ֥י אִמִּֽי׃  כִּֽי־קִנְאַ֣ת בֵּיתְךָ֣ אֲכָלָ֑תְנִי וְחֶרְפּ֥וֹת ח֝וֹרְפֶ֗יךָ נָפְל֥וּ עָלָֽי׃

“He came to His own, and those who were His own did not receive Him.” (John 1:1)

(John 1:1 (MHNT בְּרֵאשִׁית הָיָה הַדָּבָר, וְהַדָּבָר הָיָה עִם הָאֱלֹהִים, וֵאלֹהִים הָיָה הַדָּבָר. 

“And He made a scourge of cords, and drove them all out of the temple, with the sheep and the oxen; and He poured out the coins of the money changers and overturned their tables; and to those who were selling the doves He said, ‘Take these things away; stop making My Father’s house a place of business.’ His disciples remembered that it was written, ‘ZEAL FOR YOUR HOUSE WILL CONSUME ME.’” 

(John 2:15-17)

‏John 2:15 הוּא הֵכִין שׁוֹט מֵחֲבָלִים וְגֵרֵשׁ אֶת כֻּלָּם מִבֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ יַחַד עִם הַצֹּאן וְהַבָּקָר; כֵּן גַּם פִּזֵּר אֶת מַטְבְּעוֹת הַחַלְּפָנִים וְהָפַךְ אֶת הַשֻּׁלְחָנוֹת,  ‎16‏ וּלְמוֹכְרֵי הַיּוֹנִים אָמַר: ” קְחוּ אֶת אֵלֶּה מִכָּאן. אַל תַּעֲשׂוּ אֶת בֵּית אָבִי לְבֵית מִסְחָר.“  ‎17‏ אָז נִזְכְּרוּ תַּלְמִידָיו בַּכָּתוּב: ”קִנְאַת בֵּיתְךָ אֲכָלָתְנִי.“ 

“For even Christ did not please Himself; but as it is written, ‘THE REPROACHES OF THOSE WHO REPROACHED YOU FELL ON ME.’ For whatever was written in earlier times was written for our instruction, so that through perseverance and the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope.” 

(Rom. 15:3-4)

Rom. 15:3 שֶׁכֵּן גַּם הַמָּשִׁיחַ לֹא בִּקֵּשׁ הֲנָאָה לְעַצְמוֹ, אֶלָּא כַּכָּתוּב: ”וְחֶרְפּוֹת חוֹרְפֶיךָ נָפְלוּ עָלָי.“  4 וַהֲרֵי כָּל מַה שֶּׁנִּכְתַּב מִקֶּדֶם, נִכְתַּב לְהַדְרָכָתֵנוּ, כְּדֵי שֶׁתִּהְיֶה לָנוּ תִּקְוָה מִתּוֹךְ הַסַּבְלָנוּת וְהַנֶּחָמָה שֶׁבַּכְּתוּבִים. 

Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 69:4 Hated Without a Cause (שֹׂנְאַ֪י חִ֫נָּ֥ם)

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Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 69:4

Hated Without a Cause 

(שֹׂנְאַ֪י חִ֫נָּ֥ם) (sone⁾ chinnam)

“Those who hate me without a cause are more than the hairs of my head; 

Those who would destroy me are powerful, being wrongfully my enemies; 

What I did not steal, I then have to restore.” (Ps. 69:4)

רַבּ֤וּ ׀ מִשַּׂעֲר֣וֹת רֹאשִׁי֮ שֹׂנְאַ֪י חִ֫נָּ֥ם עָצְמ֣וּ מַ֭צְמִיתַי אֹיְבַ֣י שֶׁ֑קֶר אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־גָ֝זַ֗לְתִּי אָ֣ז אָשִֽׁיב׃

“If I had not done among them the works which no one else did, they would not have sin; but now they have both seen and hated Me and My Father as well. But they have done this to fulfill the word that is written in their Law, ‘THEY HATED ME WITHOUT A CAUSE.’” 

(John 15:24-25)

(John 15:24 (MHNT לוּלֵא עָשִׂיתִי בְּתוֹכָם אֶת הַמַּעֲשִׂים אֲשֶׁר אִישׂ זוּלָתִי לֹא עָשָׂה, לֹא הָיָה בָּהֶם חֵטְא; אֶלָּא שֶׁעַתָּה הֵם רָאוּ וְגַם שָׂנְאוּ, גַּם אוֹתִי וְגַם אֶת אָבִי;  25 לְקַיֵּם אֶת הַכָּתוּב בְּתוֹרָתָם ’שִׂנְאַת חִנָּם שְׂנֵאוּנִי‘. 

Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 118:26 Blessed בָּר֣וּךְ He Who Comes in the Name of the LORD הַבָּא בְּשֵׁ֣ם יְהוָ֑ה

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Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 118:26

Blessed   

בָּר֣וּךְ

(barūkh)

He Who Comes in the Name of the LORD

הַבָּא בְּשֵׁ֣ם יְהוָ֑ה

(habā⁾ bǝshēm YHWH)

“Blessed is the one who comes in the name of the LORD; We have blessed you from the house of the LORD” (Ps. 118:26).

בָּר֣וּךְ הַ֭בָּא בְּשֵׁ֣ם יְהוָ֑ה בֵּ֝רַֽכְנוּכֶ֗ם מִבֵּ֥ית יְהוָֽה׃

“Most of the crowd spread their coats in the road, and others were cutting branches from the trees and spreading them in the road. The crowds going ahead of Him, and those who followed, were shouting, 

‘Hosanna to the Son of David; 

BLESSED IS HE WHO COMES IN THE NAME OF THE LORD; 

Hosanna in the highest!’” 

(Matt. 21:8-9)

(Matt. 21:8 (MHNT רַבִּים מִן הֶהָמוֹן פָּרְשׂוּ אֶת בִּגְדֵיהֶם עַל הַדֶּרֶךְ וַאֲחֵרִים כָּרְתוּ עֲנָפִים מִן הָעֵצִים וְשָׁטְחוּ אוֹתָם עַל הַדֶּרֶךְ.  9 וַהֲמוֹן הָעָם שֶׁהָלְכוּ לְפָנָיו וְאַחֲרָיו קָרְאוּ: ”הוֹשַׁע־נָא לְבֶן־דָּוִד! בָּרוּךְ הַבָּא בְּשֵׁם יְהוָה! הוֹשַׁע־נָא בַּמְּרוֹמִים!“ 

“For I say to you, from now on you will not see Me until you say, ‘BLESSED IS HE WHO COMES IN THE NAME OF THE LORD!’” 

(Matt. 23:39)

Matt. 23:39 וַאֲנִי אוֹמֵר לָכֶם: מֵעַתָּה לֹא תִּרְאוּנִי עַד אֲשֶׁר תֹּאמְרוּ ’בָּרוּךְ הַבָּא בְּשֵׁם יְהוָה!“ 

“Those who went in front and those who followed were shouting: 

‘Hosanna! BLESSED IS HE WHO COMES IN THE NAME OF THE LORD’” 

(Mark 11:9)

Mark 11:9 וְהַהוֹלְכִים לְפָנָיו וְאַחֲרָיו קָרְאוּ:

”הוֹשַׁע־נָא! בָּרוּךְ הַבָּא בְּשֵׁם יהוה! 

“shouting: 

‘BLESSED IS THE KING WHO COMES IN THE NAME OF THE LORD; 

Peace in heaven and glory in the highest!’” 

(Luke 19:38)

Luke 19:38 ”בָּרוּךְ הַבָּא בְּשֵׁם יהוה! שָׁלוֹם בַּשָּׁמַיִם וְכָבוֹד בַּמְּרוֹמִים!“ 

“took the branches of the palm trees and went out to meet Him, and began to shout, ‘Hosanna! BLESSED IS HE WHO COMES IN THE NAME OF THE LORD, even the King of Israel.’” 

(John 12:13)

John 12:13 לָקְחוּ כַּפּוֹת תְּמָרִים וְיָצְאוּ לִקְרָאתוֹ כְּשֶׁהֵם קוֹרְאִים: ”הוֹשַׁע נָא! בָּרוּךְ הַבָּא בְּשֵׁם יהוה! מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל!“ 

Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 118:22 Stone Rejected (אֶבֶן מָאֲס֣וּ) to Chief Corner Stone (לְרֹ֣אשׁ פִּנָּֽה)

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Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 118:22

Stone Rejected (אֶבֶן מָאֲס֣וּ) (⁾even ma⁾asu)

to Chief Corner Stone (לְרֹ֣אשׁ פִּנָּֽה) (lero⁾sh pinna)

The stone which the builders rejected 

Has become the chief corner stone. (Ps. 118:22)

אֶבֶן מָאֲס֣וּ הַבּוֹנִ֑ים הָ֝יְתָ֗ה לְרֹ֣אשׁ פִּנָּֽה׃ (Ps. 118:22)

• “Jesus  said to them, ‘Did you never read in the Scriptures, 

“THE STONE WHICH THE BUILDERS REJECTED, 

THIS BECAME THE CHIEF CORNER stone; 

THIS CAME ABOUT FROM THE LORD, 

AND IT IS MARVELOUS IN OUR EYES”?’“ (Matt 21:42)

Matt. 21:42 אָמַר לָהֶם יֵשׁוּעַ: ”הַאִם לֹא קְרָאתֶם בַּכְּתוּבִים, ’אֶבֶן מָאֲסוּ הַבּוֹנִים הָיְתָה לְרֹאשׁ פִּנָּה; מֵאֵת יְהוָה הָיְתָה זֹּאת, הִיא נִפְלָאת בְּעֵינֵינוּ‘? 

  

          

• “He is the STONE WHICH WAS REJECTED by you, THE BUILDERS, but WHICH BECAME THE CHIEF CORNER stone.“ (Acts 4:11)

Acts 4:11 הוּא הָאֶבֶן שֶׁמְּאַסְתֶּם, אַתֶּם הַבּוֹנִים, אֲשֶׁר הָיְתָה לְרֹאשׁ פִּנָּה. 

• “So then you are no longer strangers and aliens, but you are fellow citizens with the saints, and are of God’s household, having been built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Christ Jesus Himself being the corner stone, in whom the whole building, being fitted together, is growing into a holy temple in the Lord, in whom you also are being built together into a dwelling of God in the Spirit.” (Eph. 2:19-22)

Eph. 2:19‏ לָכֵן אֵינְכֶם עוֹד זָרִים אוֹ תּוֹשָׁבִים נָכְרִים, אֶלָּא בְּנֵי עִירָם שֶׁל הַקְּדוֹשִׁים וּבְנֵי בֵּית אֱלֹהִים;  ‎20‏ בְּנוּיִים עַל יְסוֹד הַשְּׁלִיחִים וְהַנְּבִיאִים, וְהַמָּשִׁיחַ יֵשׁוּעַ עַצְמוֹ הוּא אֶבֶן הַפִּנָּה.  ‎21‏ בּוֹ כָּל הַבִּנְיָן מְחֻבָּר יַחַד וְגָדֵל לִהְיוֹת הֵיכַל קֹדֶשׁ לַיהוה;  ‎22‏ וּבוֹ גַּם אַתֶּם נִבְנִים יַחְדָּיו לִהְיוֹת מִשְׁכַּן אֱלֹהִים עַל־יְדֵי הָרוּחַ. 

• And coming to Him as to a living stone which has been rejected by men, but is choice and precious in the sight of God,  5 you also, as living stones, are being built up as a spiritual house for a holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ. For this is contained in Scripture: “BEHOLD, I LAY IN ZION A CHOICE STONE, A PRECIOUS CORNER stone, AND HE WHO BELIEVES IN HIM WILL NOT BE DISAPPOINTED.” This precious value, then, is for you who believe; but for those who disbelieve, “THE STONE WHICH THE BUILDERS REJECTED, THIS BECAME THE VERY CORNER stone,” and, “A STONE OF STUMBLING AND A ROCK OF OFFENSE”;for they stumble because they are disobedient to the word, and to this doom they were also appointed. But you are A CHOSEN RACE, A royal PRIESTHOOD, A HOLY NATION, A PEOPLE FOR God’s OWN POSSESSION, so that you may proclaim the excellencies of Him who has called you out of darkness into His marvelous light;  for you once were NOT A PEOPLE, but now you are THE PEOPLE OF GOD; you had NOT RECEIVED MERCY, but now you have RECEIVED MERCY. (1Pet. 2:4-10)

1Pet. 2:4‏ אֲשֶׁר אַתֶּם נִגָּשִׁים אֵלָיו — אֶבֶן חַיָּה שֶׁמְּאָסוּהָ בְּנֵי אָדָם, אַךְ נִבְחָרָה וִיקָרָה לֵאלֹהִים.  ‎5‏ וְגַם אַתֶּם, כַּאֲבָנִים חַיּוֹת, נִבְנִים לְבַיִת רוּחָנִי, לִכְהֻנַּת קֹדֶשׁ, כְּדֵי לְהַעֲלוֹת זִבְחֵי רוּחַ רְצוּיִים לֵאלֹהִים בִּזְכוּת יֵשׁוּעַ הַמָּשִׁיחַ.  ‎6‏ מִשּׁוּם כָּךְ אוֹמֵר הַכָּתוּב: ”הִנְנִי יִסַּד בְּצִיּוֹן אֶבֶן פִּנָּה נִבְחָרָה וִיקָרָה, וְהַמַּאֲמִין בָּהּ לֹא יֵבוֹשׁ.“  ‎7‏ עַל כֵּן לָכֶם הַמַּאֲמִינִים הִיא אֶבֶן הַיְּקָר, אֲבָל לַסּוֹרְרִים — ”אֶבֶן מָאֲסוּ הַבּוֹנִים הָיְתָה לְרֹאשׁ פִּנָּה“,  ‎8‏ וְגַם ”אֶבֶן נֶגֶף וְצוּר מִכְשׁוֹל.“ וְאָמְנָם הֵם נִכְשָׁלִים בַּדָּבָר בִּגְלַל סַרְבָנוּתָם, וּלְכָךְ גַּם נוֹעֲדוּ. 

‎1Pet. 2:9‏ אֲבָל אַתֶּם עַם נִבְחָר, מַמְלֶכֶת כֹּהֲנִים וְגוֹי קָדוֹשׁ, עַם סְגֻלָּה, לְמַעַן תְּסַפְּרוּ תְּהִלּוֹתָיו שֶׁל הַקּוֹרֵא אֶתְכֶם מֵחֹשֶׁךְ אֶל אוֹרוֹ הַנִּפְלָא;  ‎10‏ אַתֶּם אֲשֶׁר לְפָנִים לֹא עַם הֱיִיתֶם, אַךְ כָּעֵת עַם אֱלֹהִים אַתֶּם; אֲשֶׁר לְפָנִים לֹא רֻחֲמוּ, אַךְ כָּעֵת מְרֻחָמִים. 

Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 2 – Anointed One (מָשִׁיחַ) King (מֶלֶךְ) Son (בֵּן)

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Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 2

Anointed One (מָשִׁיחַ) King (מֶלֶךְ) Son (בֵּן)

Ps. 2:1     Why are the nations in an uproar 

And the peoples devising a vain thing? 

2  The kings of the earth take their stand 

And the rulers take counsel together 

Against the LORD and against His Anointed, saying, 

3  “Let us tear their fetters apart 

And cast away their cords from us!” 

Ps. 2:4     He who sits in the heavens laughs, 

The Lord scoffs at them. 

5  Then He will speak to them in His anger 

And terrify them in His fury, saying, 

6  “But as for Me, I have installed My King 

Upon Zion, My holy mountain.” 

Ps. 2:7     “I will surely tell of the decree of the LORD: 

He said to Me, ‘You are My Son, 

Today I have begotten You. 

8  ‘Ask of Me, and I will surely give the nations as Your inheritance, 

And the very ends of the earth as Your possession. 

9  ‘You shall break them with a rod of iron, 

You shall shatter them like earthenware.’” 

Ps. 2:10     Now therefore, O kings, show discernment; 

Take warning, O judges of the earth. 

11  Worship the LORD with reverence 

And rejoice with trembling. 

12  Do homage to the Son, that He not become angry, and you perish in the way, 

For His wrath may soon be kindled. 

How blessed are all who take refuge in Him! 

“And when they heard this, they lifted their voices to God with one accord and said, “O Lord, it is You who MADE THE HEAVEN AND THE EARTH AND THE SEA, AND ALL THAT IS IN THEM, 

  who by the Holy Spirit, through the mouth of our father David Your servant, said, 

‘WHY DID THE GENTILES RAGE, 

AND THE PEOPLES DEVISE FUTILE THINGS? 

  ‘THE KINGS OF THE EARTH TOOK THEIR STAND, 

AND THE RULERS WERE GATHERED TOGETHER 

AGAINST THE LORD AND AGAINST HIS CHRIST.’” (Acts 4:24-26, cf. Ps. 2:1)

“He  found first his own brother Simon and  said to him, “We have found the Messiah” (which translated means Christ).” (John 1:41, cf. Ps. 2:2)

“and they  said to the mountains and to the rocks, “Fall on us and hide us from the presence of Him who sits on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb” (Rev. 6:16, cf. Ps. 2:5)

“that God has fulfilled this promise to our children in that He raised up Jesus, as it is also written in the second Psalm, ‘YOU ARE MY SON; TODAY I HAVE BEGOTTEN YOU.’” (Acts 13:33, cf. Ps. 2:7)

“For to which of the angels did He ever say, 

‘YOU ARE MY SON, TODAY I HAVE BEGOTTEN YOU’? 

And again, 

‘I WILL BE A FATHER TO HIM AND HE SHALL BE A SON TO ME’?” (Heb. 1:5, cf. Ps. 2:7)

“So also Christ did not glorify Himself so as to become a high priest, but He who said to Him, ‘YOU ARE MY SON, TODAY I HAVE BEGOTTEN YOU’” (Heb. 5:5, cf. Ps. 2:7)

“He who overcomes, and he who keeps My deeds until the end, TO HIM I WILL GIVE AUTHORITY OVER THE NATIONS; AND HE SHALL RULE THEM WITH A ROD OF IRON, AS THE VESSELS OF THE POTTER ARE BROKEN TO PIECES, as I also have received authority from My Father” (Rev. 2:26-27, cf. Ps. 2:9)

“And she gave birth to a son, a male child, who is to rule all the nations with a rod of iron; and her child was caught up to God and to His throne. ” (Rev. 12:5, cf. Ps. 2:9)

“From His mouth comes a sharp sword, so that with it He may strike down the nations, and He will rule them with a rod of iron; and He treads the wine press of the fierce wrath of God, the Almighty.” (Rev. 19:15, cf. Ps. 2:9)

“and they  said to the mountains and to the rocks, ‘Fall on us and hide us from the presence of Him who sits on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb;  for the great day of their wrath has come, and who is able to stand?’” (Rev. 6:16-17, cf. Ps. 2:12)

Messianic Texts in the Psalms: Psalm 110:1, 4: Lord (אָדוֹן) and Priest (כֹּהֵ֣ן)

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Messianic Texts in the Psalms:

Lord (אָדוֹן) and Priest (כֹּהֵ֣ן)

                        

“The LORD says to my Lord: 

‘Sit at My right hand 

Until I make  Your enemies a footstool for Your feet.’^” (Psa. 110:1)

“The LORD has sworn and will not change His mind, 

‘You are a priest forever 

According to the order of Melchizedek.’” (Psa. 110:4)

“Then He said to them, ‘How is it that they say the Christ is David’s son? For David himself says in the book of Psalms, “THE LORD SAID TO MY LORD, ‘SIT AT MY RIGHT HAND, UNTIL I MAKE YOUR ENEMIES A FOOTSTOOL FOR YOUR FEET.’” Therefore David calls Him “Lord,” and how is He his son?’” (Luke 20:41-44) 

“But to which of the angels has He ever said, ‘SIT AT MY RIGHT HAND, UNTIL I MAKE YOUR ENEMIES A FOOTSTOOL FOR YOUR FEET’?” (Heb. 1:13)

“which He brought about in Christ, when He raised Him from the dead and seated Him at His right hand in the heavenly places”

(Eph. 1:20)

“just as He says also in another passage, ‘YOU ARE A PRIEST FOREVER ACCORDING TO THE ORDER OF MELCHIZEDEK.’” (Heb. 5:6)

^“This hope we have as an anchor of the soul, a hope both sure and steadfast and one which enters within the veil, where Jesus has entered as a forerunner for us, having become a high priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek.” (Heb. 6:19-20)

Messianic Texts: Reign of David: Davidic King (2Sam. 7:8-16)

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Messianic Texts: Reign of David (1011– 971 B.C.)
Davidic King

“‘When your days are fulfilled and  you lie down with your fathers,  I will raise up your offspring after you, who shall come from your body, and I will establish his kingdom.  He shall build a house for my name, and  I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever. I will be to him a father, and he shall be to me a son. When he commits iniquity,  I will discipline him with the rod of men, with the stripes of the sons of men, but my steadfast love will not depart from him,  as I took it from Saul, whom I put away from before you.  And your house and your kingdom shall be made sure forever before me. Your throne shall be established forever.’” (2 Sam. 7:8–16)

“Then He said to them, ‘How is it that they say the Christ is David’s son? For David himself says in the book of Psalms, “THE LORD SAID TO MY LORD, ‘SIT AT MY RIGHT HAND, UNTIL I MAKE YOUR ENEMIES A FOOTSTOOL FOR YOUR FEET.’” Therefore David calls Him “Lord,” and how is He his son?’” (Luke 20:41-44)

“concerning His Son, who was born of a descendant of David according to the flesh, who was declared the Son of God with power by the resurrection from the dead, according to the Spirit of holiness, Jesus Christ our Lord” (Rom. 1:3)

“And to the angel of the church in Philadelphia write: He who is holy, who is true, who has the key of David, who opens and no one will shut, and who shuts and no one opens, says this:” (Rev. 3:7)

“On his robe and on his thigh  he has a name written,  King of kings and Lord of lords.” (Rev. 19:16)

“I, Jesus, have sent my angel to testify to you about these things  for the churches. I am  the root and  the descendant of David,  the bright morning star.” (Rev. 22:16)

Messianic Texts (12th century B.C.): Faithful Priest (1 Sam. 2:35)

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Messianic Texts (12^th century B.C.)

Faithful Priest 

(כֹּהֵ֣ן נֶאֱמָ֔ן) (cohen ne⁾eman)

“‘But I will raise up for Myself a faithful priest who will do according to what is in My heart and in My soul; and I will build him an enduring house, and he will walk before My anointed always.’”  (1 Sam. 2:35)

“The LORD has sworn and will not change His mind, 

‘You are a priest forever 

According to the order of Melchizedek.’” (Psa. 110:4)

“Therefore, He had to be made like His brethren in all things, so that He might become a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make propitiation for the sins of the people.” (Heb. 2:17)

“just as He says also in another passage, 

‘YOU ARE A PRIEST FOREVER 

ACCORDING TO THE ORDER OF MELCHIZEDEK.’” (Heb. 5:6)

“And on His robe and on His thigh He has a name written, 

‘KING OF KINGS, AND LORD OF LORDS.’” (Rev. 19:16)

Messianic Texts (12th century B.C.): Anointed One (מָשִׁיחַ)

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Messianic Texts (12^th century B.C.)

Anointed One 

(מָשִׁיחַ) (mashiach)

“Those who contend with the LORD will be shattered;

Against them He will thunder in the heavens,

The LORD will judge the ends of the earth;

And He will give strength to His king,

And will exalt the horn of His anointed.” 

(1 Sam. 2:10)

“And likewise, all the prophets who have spoken, from Samuel and his successors onward, also announced these days.” (Acts 3:24) 

“‘You shall break them with a rod of iron, 

You shall shatter them like earthenware.’” (Psa. 2:9)

“But when the Son of Man comes in His glory, and all the angels with Him, then He will sit on His glorious throne.” (Matt. 25:31)

“All the nations will be gathered before Him; and He will separate them from one another, as the shepherd separates the sheep from the goats.” (Matt. 25:32)

 “And his father Zacharias was filled with the Holy Spirit, and prophesied, saying: 

‘Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, For He has visited us and accomplished redemption for His people, And has raised up a horn of salvation for us 

In the house of David His servant —’ ” (Luke 1:67-69)

“And I saw heaven opened, and behold, a white horse, and He who sat on it is called Faithful and True, and in righteousness He judges and wages war. His eyes are a flame of fire, and on His head are many diadems; and He has a name written on Him which no one knows except Himself.He is clothed with a robe dipped in blood, and His name is called The Word of God. And the armies which are in heaven, clothed in fine linen, white and clean, were following Him on white horses. From His mouth comes a sharp sword, so that with it He may strike down the nations, and He will rule them with a rod of iron; and He treads the wine press of the fierce wrath of God, the Almighty.  And on His robe and on His thigh He has a name written, “KING OF KINGS, AND LORD OF LORDS.” (Rev. 19:11-16) 

Messianic Themes in the Book of Job: Mediator (Job 33:23-28)

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Messianic Themes in the Book of Job:

Mediator (מֵלִיץ)(melitz)

“If there is an angel as mediator for him, 

One out of a thousand, 

To remind a man what is right for him, 

  Then let him be gracious to him, and say, 

‘Deliver him from going down to the pit, 

I have found a ransom’; 

  Let his flesh become fresher than in youth, 

Let him return to the days of his youthful vigor; 

  Then he will pray to God, and He will accept him, 

That he may see His face with joy, 

And He may restore His righteousness to man. 

  He will sing to men and say, 

‘I have sinned and perverted what is right, 

And it is not proper for me. 

  ‘He has redeemed my soul from going to the pit, 

And my life shall see the light.’”

(Job 33:23-28)

“And the son said to him, ‘Father, I have sinned against heaven and in your sight; I am no longer worthy to be called your son.’” (Luke 15:21)

“Jesus said to him, ‘I am the way, and the truth, and the life; no one comes to the Father but through Me.’” (John 14:6)

“This is good and acceptable in the sight of God our Savior, who desires all men to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth. For there is one God, and one mediator also between God and men, the man Christ Jesus, who gave Himself as a ransom for all, the testimony given at the proper time.” (1Tim. 2:3-6)

“In Him was life, and the life was the Light of men.” (John 1:4)

“If we confess our sins, He is faithful and righteous to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.” (1John 1:9)

Messicanic Themes in the Book of Job: Redeemer (Job 19:25-27)

Messianic Themes in the Book of Job:

 Redeemer (גֹּ֣אֲל) (Go⁾al)

As for me, I know that my Redeemer lives, 

And at the last He will take His stand on earth.

Even after my skin is destroyed, 

Yet from my flesh I shall see God;   

Whom I myself shall behold, 

And whom my eyes will see and not another. 

My heart  faints within me! 

(Job 19:25-27)

“Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God.” (Matt 5:8)

“For now we see in a mirror dimly, but then face to face; now I know in part, but then I will know fully just as I also have been fully known.” (1Cor. 13:12)

“Beloved, now we are children of God, and it has not appeared as yet what we will be. We know that when He appears, we will be like Him, because we will see Him just as He is.” (1John 3:2)

Messianic Themes in the Book of Job: Advocate (Job 16:19-21)

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Messianic Themes in the Book of Job:

Advocate

“Even now, behold, my witness is in heaven, And my advocate is on high. My friends are my scoffers; My eye weeps to God. O that a man might plead with God As a man with his neighbor!” (Job 16:19-21)

“My little children, I am writing these things to you so that you may not sin. And if anyone sins, we have an 

Advocate with the Father, 

Jesus Christ the righteous.” 

(1John 2:1)

Sixth Messianic Prediction in the Pentateuch: Mosaic Prediction (Deut. 18:15, 18)

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Sixth Messianic Prediction in the Pentateuch:

Mosaic Prediction

(Deuteronomy 18:15, 18)

“The LORD your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among you, from your countrymen, you shall listen to him.” (Deut. 18:15)

“‘I will raise up a prophet from among their countrymen like you, and I will put My words in his mouth, and he shall speak to them all that I command him.’” (Deut. 18:18)

NT Notes:

Matt. 17:5 While he was still speaking, a bright cloud overshadowed them, and behold, a voice out of the cloud said, “This is My beloved Son, with whom I am well-pleased; listen to Him!” 

Matt. 21:11 And the crowds were saying, “This is the prophet Jesus, from Nazareth in Galilee.” 

Mark 9:4 Elijah appeared to them along with Moses; and they were talking with Jesus. 

Luke 7:16 Fear gripped them all, and they began glorifying God, saying, “A great prophet has arisen among us!” and, “God has visited His people!” 

John 5:46 “For if you believed Moses, you would believe Me, for he wrote about Me.

John 6:14 Therefore when the people saw the sign which He had performed, they said, “This is truly the Prophet who is to come into the world.” 

John 8:28 So Jesus said, “When you lift up the Son of Man, then you will know that I am He, and I do nothing on My own initiative, but I speak these things as the Father taught Me.

John 17:8 for the words which You gave Me I have given to them; and they received them and truly understood that I came forth from You, and they believed that You sent Me.

Acts 3:22 “Moses said, ‘THE LORD GOD WILL RAISE UP FOR YOU A PROPHET LIKE ME FROM YOUR BRETHREN; TO HIM YOU SHALL GIVE HEED to everything He says to you. 

Acts 7:37 “This is the Moses who said to the sons of Israel, ‘GOD WILL RAISE UP FOR YOU A PROPHET LIKE ME FROM YOUR BRETHREN.’